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Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2018-01-11 Origin: Site
Unipolar (Center‑Tapped Windings)Each phase has a center tap, splitting the coil into two equal halves. Current flows in one direction only (from center tap to one end). Reversing polarity is done by switching between the two halves, not by reversing current. This allows simpler drive circuits (fewer transistors).
Bipolar (No Center Tap)Each phase uses a single continuous winding. To reverse magnetic polarity, the driver mustreverse current direction through the entire coil. This requires an H‑bridge driver but uses 100% of the winding at all times, typically delivering higher torque and better efficiency.
xed bipolar operation
Full winding in use
Best low‑speed torque
Requires H‑bridge driver
Common center tap for both phases
Simple ON/OFF control
Lower torque, suitable for basic applications
Default: unipolar (half‑coil)
Convert to bipolar (series): insulate center taps, use outer ends
Balanced performance and flexibility
Unipolar (half‑coil): use one coil per phase
Bipolar series: connect coils in series (high torque, lower speed)
Bipolar parallel: connect coils in parallel (higher speed, lower torque)
Connections | Resistance | Inductance | Current | Voltage | Holding Torque |
Unipolar | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog |
Bipolar Series | Catalog X 2 | Catalog X 4 | Catalog X 0.707 | Catalog X 1.414 | Catalog X 1.414 |
Bipolar Half Coil | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog | Same as Catalog |
Bipolar Parallel | Catalog X 0.5 | Same as Catalog | Catalog X 1.414 | Catalog X 0.707 | Catalog X 1.414 |
Customer'sDriver | Motor | What to Do | How to Do It | End Result | |
Unipolar | 6 Lead Motor | Use as is | 6 Leads | ||
Bipolar | 8 Lead Motor | Convert to | Tie yellow and orange together and use AND | 6 Leads | |
6 Lead Motor | Convert to | Tape off yellow and white leads and don't use | 4 Leads | ||
Convert to | Tape off black and red leads OR | 4 Leads | |||
8 Lead Motor | Convert to | Connect yellow and orange and tape off AND | 4 Leads | ||
Convert to | Tie black and orange together AND | 4 Leads | |||
Convert to | Tape off black, yellow, red, and white OR | 4 Leads | |||
Bipolar: higher low‑speed torque (full winding)
Unipolar: lower torque (half‑coil operation)
Unipolar: lower inductance → better high‑speed performance
Bipolar: higher inductance → torque drops faster at high speed
Unipolar: simpler, lower cost
Bipolar: requires H‑bridge, more complex
Choose Unipolar if: - You need high speed with moderate torque - Driver cost and simplicity are priorities - Basic positioning applications (e.g., printers, small conveyors)
Choose Bipolar if: - You need high torque at low speed- Efficiency and smoothness matter - Precision applications (e.g., CNC, robotics, automation)
Understanding unipolar and bipolar connections is critical for motor‑driver matching and application optimization. While bipolar designs dominate modern high‑performance systems due to superior torque and efficiency, unipolar remains a practical choice for cost‑sensitive, high‑speed scenarios. Clear wiring diagrams and technical guidance are essential to ensure your system is configured correctly for optimal performance.
